In our efforts to create a more inclusive and equitable world, understanding intersectionality is essential.

Duckworth, S. (2020)

Intersectionality offers a framework for recognizing how multiple aspects of a person’s identity—such as race, gender, class, sexuality, ability, and more—intersect to shape their unique experiences of oppression or privilege. At its core, intersectionality emphasizes that no two individuals are alike, and their lived experiences reflect the complex identities they navigate daily.

In 1989, Kimberlé Crenshaw coined the term "intersectionality" to highlight how each of these identities overlap and compound. As a prominent lawyer, Crenshaw argued that her clients, like Anita Hill, were experiencing discrimination differently because they were Black women, versus if they were only Black or women. Intersectionality is about the complex and cumulative way the identities we hold interact and impact how we experience the world.

Intersectionality helps illustrate that we cannot treat people exactly the same because everyone's experiences, barriers, and impacts are different. Instead, we need creative approaches for unique situations.

Intersectionality and Domestic Violence

At YWCA Spokane, our mission is inherently intersectional because to truly empower women means we also need to eliminate racism. When it comes to domestic violence, certain identities can make these situations even more dangerous and difficult for survivors to find safety. "If we're not accounting for that, then we're not doing our jobs," states Brit Wilson, Licensed Mental Health Therapist at YWCA Spokane.

For instance, someone who has a physical disability may have limited mobility, which may make it difficult for them to access services or leave the relationship. Language access is another barrier for individuals seeking support. As we understand these complexities, we see how intersectionality doesn’t just describe the challenges people face; it also illustrates the unique nature of those challenges. Acknowledging these different experiences helps us provide services in a way that meets each individual’s needs, recognizing that their paths toward safety, empowerment, or healing will be different.

This understanding of intersectionality aligns with YWCA’s commitment to equity. Equity means recognizing that not everyone faces the same barriers and that most people require specific approaches to address their specific challenges. "It's more realistic to understand that people have layers to them," Brit explains. By acknowledging, addressing, and respecting these layers, we can offer more effective and meaningful support.

An Intersectional Approach Strengthened our Mental Health Services

At YWCA Spokane, we have seen the practical benefits of adopting an intersectional approach. In response to the COVID-19 pandemic, our mental health therapy team shifted to provide telehealth services in addition to in-person appointments.

"It's pretty incredible to see the number of people who couldn't access therapy before now have access," shares Brit. "The system for telehealth already exists; all we have to do is use it."

Having the option of a virtual appointment benefits everyone. Now people that may have young children, disabilities, or don't drive are able to access therapy. Now a client whose child care falls through at the last minute can be seen over telehealth and neither client nor therapist have to miss a session.

These examples highlight the power of intersectionality: when we consider different needs, we make services better for all.

We believe that equitable rights for one group means equitable rights for everyone. This idea, known as the "curb-cut effect," demonstrates how inclusive policies benefit everyone. When we build a world that supports the most marginalized, everyone gains from the improvements—whether in accessibility, safety, or opportunity.

Intersectionality and the Individual

As we work to make the world more equitable, it’s important for each of us to reflect on our own privileges and biases. A great place to start is to educate ourselves and learn about experiences that are different from our own. By taking the time to reflect, educate ourselves, and listen to others, we can approach individuals with better empathy and respect. Consider these reflection questions:

• What is my position in the world?
• How do I see the world?
• How does the world see me?

Additional Support

Resources

• The Urgency of Intersectionality
• Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack
• Unpacking the Invisible Knapsack II: Sexual Orientation & Gender Identity
• Curb-cut Effect
• Learn with YWCA Spokane

Want to learn more? Visit our Mission Moment blog series to explore ways you can support survivors in your community.

Connect with the YWCA Helpline

In addition to supporting survivors of domestic violence who need services, YWCA Spokane’s 24hr helpline is available to support allies looking to better understand how to help loved ones in their lives. Connect with one of our confidential advocates by calling 509-326-2255, texting 509-220-3725, or emailing help@ywcaspokane.org.